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Liraglutide (NN2211) is a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. Marketed under the brand name Victoza, it is an injectable drug developed by Novo Nordisk for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In 2015, Novo Nordisk began marketing it in the U.S. under the brand name liraglutide as a treatment for obesity in adults with at least one weight-related comorbid condition.

Medical Uses

Liraglutide is a once-daily injectable derivative of the human incretin (metabolic hormone) glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), for the treatment of type 2 diabetes or obesity.

Type 2 Diabetes

Liraglutide improves control of blood glucose.  Delaying gastric emptying, and suppressing prandial glucagon secretion.

In common to various degrees with other GLP-1 receptor agonists, liraglutide has advantages over more traditional therapies for type 2 diabetes:

It has the potential for inhibiting apoptosis and stimulating regeneration of beta cells (seen in animal studies).

It decreases appetite and inhibits body weight gain, as shown in a head-to-head study versus glimepiride.

It lowers blood triglyceride levels.

Obesity

Liraglutide has been approved as an injectable adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity for chronic weight management in adult patients. The specified criteria are an initial body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or greater (obese), or 27 kg/m2 or greater (overweight), in the presence of at least one weight-related comorbid condition (e.g. hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or dyslipidemia). In late 2014, data were reported from the SCALE™ Obesity and Prediabetes trial, which is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational trial in non-diabetic people with obesity and non-diabetic people who are overweight with comorbidities. In this phase 3a trial, there were 3,731 participants randomised to treatment with liraglutide 3 mg or placebo, both in combination with diet and exercise. Those who completed the 56-week trial achieved an average weight loss of 9.2%, to be compared with a 3.5% reduction in the placebo group.