Ukuthengisa okushisayo I-CAS 16941-32-5 Glucagon enobumsulwa obuphakeme bekhwalithi ephezulu yentengo enhle yokuthengiswa kwesitoko emnyango kuya emnyango nokwaneliseka okuphezulu kwamakhasimende

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-glucagon ukukhuthaza ukubola kwe-glycogen nokukhiqiza i-glucose ukuze kwenyuse ushukela egazini; Okwesibili, izinga le-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) linganyuswa nge-adenylate cyclase, ngaleyo ndlela isebenze i-protein kinase, isebenze i-lipase kuzicubu ze-adipose futhi ikhuthaze i-lipolysis. Yenza kusebenze uhlelo lwe-myocardial adenylate cyclase, ukhuthaze umsebenzi we-myocardial phosphorylase, ukhuphule ukuqoqwa kwe-calcium ku-myocardium, ngaleyo ndlela uthuthukise isivumelwano se-myocardial, ukhuphule ukuphuma kwenhliziyo futhi ukhuphule umfutho wegazi; Ingase futhi ikhuthaze ukukhishwa kwe-islet Chemicalbook, i-somatostatin, i-thyroxine ne-calcitonin; Khuthaza ukukhululwa kwe-catecholamine kumaseli emizwa ezwelayo namaseli e-chromaffin. IGlucagon, i-insulin ne-somatostatin ziyalawulana ukuze kugcinwe ushukela osegazini usezingeni elijwayelekile. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-glucagon kuphambene ngokuphambene nokugcwala kweglucose egazini, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, ukugcinwa kweglucagon kuphinde kuthinteke ama-amino acid, okuqukethwe kwe-plasma yamafutha angenayo i-acid, i-α -adrenergic receptor stimulator (norepinephrine), i-auxin release hormone inhibitory and njalonjalo.

I-Glucagon iyi-hormone ye-polypeptide ye-single-chain ehlanganiswe futhi ikhiqizwa amaseli e-islet α2. Kuyi-antagonist ye-physiological ye-insulin. Umphumela kumetabolism uyafana nowe-adrenaline, futhi unemisebenzi elandelayo: 1. Umsebenzi wokunyusa ushukela wegazi: ungenza kusebenze i-phosphorylase esibindini, ukhuthaze ukubola kwesibindi i-glycogen kanye ne-heterogenesis ye-glycogen, futhi ikhulise. ushukela egazini. 2. Umphumela omuhle we-inotropic: ungakhuphula okuqukethwe kwe-cAMP ye-intracellular, uthuthukise ukufinyela kwe-myocardial, ukhuphule ukuphuma kwenhliziyo nomsebenzi wokushaywa unhlangothi. Umphumela wayo omuhle we-inotropic usengasebenza ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwe-cardiac glycoside eyanele, futhi ayivinjwanga yi-propranolol. Nakuba kungakhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ngeke kubangele i-arrhythmia. Indlela yokusebenza imi kanje: ① Ukwenza kusebenze i-adenylate cyclase kwenza i-adenosine triphosphate ishintshe ibe yi-cyclic adenosine monophosphate, ethuthukisa ukufinyela kwe-myocardial ye-Chemicalbook; ② Thuthukisa ukubola kwesibindi se-glycogen futhi ukhuphule izinga likashukela egazini; ③ Thuthukisa ukukhululwa kwe-insulin, uthuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwe-glucose nge-myocardium, futhi ukhuthaze i-anaerobic glycolysis ye-myocardium, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe i-metabolism yamandla we-myocardium. Ihlanganiswe ne-digitalis glycosides yenhliziyo, ingakhuphula umphumela wokwelapha. 3. Umphumela ezinso: vula imithambo yegazi yezinso, uthuthukise ukugeleza kwegazi kwezinso futhi ukhuthaze ukuphuma kwe-sodium, i-potassium ne-calcium. 4. Umphumela ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla: Kungabangela ukukhululeka kwezicubu ezibushelelezi zesisu ne-duodenum, amathumbu amancane kanye nekholoni, kuvimbele i-peristalsis yesisu, amathumbu amancane kanye nekholoni, futhi kwandise ukuphuma kwe-bile kanye noketshezi lwamathumbu. 5. Umphumela ohlelweni lwemfihlo: Jabulisa i-adrenal medulla futhi ukhuthaze ukukhululwa kwama-catecholamines. Ingase futhi ikhuthaze ukugcinwa kwe-insulin, i-hormone yegilo, i-calcitonin kanye ne-hormone yokukhula.