Encyclopedia ee Walxaha Ceyriinka Kiimikada - Waa maxay noocyada alaabta ceeriin ee kiimikada?

1. Walxaha kiimikaad ee cayriin guud ahaan waxa loo qaybin karaa laba qaybood: alaabta ceeriin kiimikaad organic ah iyo alaabta ceeriin kiimikaad ah oo aan organic ahayn marka loo eego ilaha ay ka soo jeedaan.

(1) Walxaha ceeriin kiimikaad organic

Waxaa loo qaybin karaa alkanes iyo waxyaabaha ay ka soo jeedaan, alkynes iyo kuwa ka soo jeeda, alkynes, aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, phenols, ethers, anhydrides, esters, acids organic, karboksylic acids Cusbo, carbohydrates, heterocyclics, nitriles halogen, amino amides, iwm.

(2) Walxaha cayriin ee kiimikaad ee aan organic

Qalabka ugu muhiimsan ee alaabta kiimikada ah ee aan organic ahayn waa macdanta kiimikada oo ay ku jiraan baaruud, sodium, fosfooraska, potassium, calcium (eeg warshadaha cusbada aan organic) iyo dhuxusha, saliidda, gaaska dabiiciga ah, hawada, biyaha, iwm. Intaa waxaa dheer, alaabta iyo qashinka ka qaybo badan oo warshaduhu waxay sidoo kale yihiin alaabta ceeriin ee kiimikooyinka aan dabiiciga ahayn, sida gaaska foornada kookaha ee habka wax soo saarka coking ee warshadaha birta. Ammonia ku jirta waxaa lagu soo celin karaa sulfuric acid si loo soo saaro ammonium sulfate, chalcopyrite, iyo galena. sulfur dioxide ee ku jirta gaaska qashinka dhalada ee miinada iyo sphalerite waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu soo saaro sulfuric acid, iwm.

2. Marka loo eego habka wax soo saarka, waxaa loo qaybin karaa alaabta ceeriin ee bilawga ah, alaabta ceeriin ee aasaasiga ah iyo alaabta ceeriin dhexdhexaad ah.

(1) Qalabka bilowga

Bilaabidda alaabta ceeriin waa alaabta ceeriin ee looga baahan yahay tallaabada ugu horreysa ee wax soo saarka kiimikada, sida hawada, biyaha, shidaalka fosil (sida dhuxusha, saliidda, gaaska dabiiciga, iwm.), milixda badda, macdanta kala duwan, wax soo saarka beeraha (sida istaarijka- oo ay ku jiraan badar ama dhirta duurjoogta ah, alwaax Cellulose, bamboo, caws, caws, iwm).

(2)Alaabada ceeriin ee aasaasiga ah

Alaabta aasaasiga ah ee cayriin waxaa lagu helaa habaynta alaabta bilawga ah, sida kalsiyum carbide iyo alaabta ceeriin ee kala duwan ee dabiiciga ah iyo kuwa aan organic ahayn ee kor ku xusan.

(3) Alaabta ceeriin ee dhexdhexaadka ah

Alaabta ceeriin ee dhexdhexaadka ah waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan dhexdhexaadiye. Waxay guud ahaan tixraacaan alaabooyinka laga soo saaro alaabta ceeriin ee aasaasiga ah ee wax soo saarka kiimikada dabiiciga ah ee kakan, laakiin weli ma ahan badeecooyin codsi kama dambays ah waxayna u baahan yihiin habayn dheeraad ah. Tusaale ahaan, xeryahooda kala duwan ee organic loo isticmaalo soo saarista dheeha, balaastikada iyo daawooyinka: methanol, acetone, vinyl chloride, iwm.