Encyclopedia of Chemical Raw Materials - Dab tsi yog hom tshuaj raw khoom?

1. Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg feem ntau tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: organic chemical raw khoom thiab inorganic chemical raw khoom raws li lawv cov khoom siv.

(1) Organic chemical raw khoom

Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua alkanes thiab lawv cov derivatives, alkenes thiab lawv cov derivatives, alkynes thiab lawv cov derivatives, quinones, aldehydes, cawv, ketones, phenols, ethers, anhydrides, esters, organic acids, carboxylic acids ntsev, carbohydrates, heterocyclics, nitric acids. , amino amides, thiab lwm yam.

(2) Inorganic chemical raw khoom

Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj inorganic yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj cov sulfur, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, calcium (saib inorganic ntsev kev lag luam) thiab thee, roj, natural gas, cua, dej, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, by-products and wastes from ntau qhov chaw lag luam kuj tseem yog cov khoom siv raw rau cov tshuaj inorganic, xws li coke cub roj hauv cov txheej txheem coking hauv kev lag luam steel. Cov ammonia muaj nyob rau hauv nws tuaj yeem rov qab tau nrog sulfuric acid los tsim ammonium sulfate, chalcopyrite, thiab galena. Cov sulfur dioxide nyob rau hauv smelting khib nyiab roj ntawm mines thiab sphalerite yuav siv tau los tsim sulfuric acid, thiab lwm yam.

2. Raws li cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov khoom pib, cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom nruab nrab nruab nrab.

(1) Cov ntaub ntawv pib

Pib cov khoom siv raw yog cov khoom siv raw uas yuav tsum tau ua hauv thawj kauj ruam ntawm kev tsim tshuaj, xws li huab cua, dej, fossil fuels (xws li thee, roj, natural gas, thiab lwm yam), hiav txwv ntsev, ntau yam minerals, cov khoom ua liaj ua teb (xws li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab- muaj cov nplej lossis cov nroj tsuag qus, ntoo Cellulose, xyoob, reed, straw, thiab lwm yam).

(2) Cov khoom siv raw

Cov ntaub ntawv raw yooj yim tau txais los ntawm kev ua cov khoom pib, xws li calcium carbide thiab ntau yam organic thiab inorganic raw cov ntaub ntawv teev saum toj no.

(3) Cov khoom siv nruab nrab

Cov khoom siv nruab nrab tseem hu ua intermediates. Lawv feem ntau xa mus rau cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv raw hauv cov organic chemical ntau lawm, tab sis lawv tseem tsis tau cov khoom rau daim ntawv thov zaum kawg thiab yuav tsum tau ua ntxiv. Piv txwv li, ntau yam organic tebchaw siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov dyes, yas thiab kws tshuaj: methanol, acetone, vinyl chloride, thiab lwm yam.