Encyclopedia of Chemical Raw Materials - Menene nau'ikan albarkatun sinadarai?

1. Gabaɗaya za a iya raba albarkatun albarkatun sinadarai zuwa kashi biyu: albarkatun sinadarai na halitta da albarkatun sinadarai na inorganic bisa ga tushen kayansu.

(1) Kayayyakin sinadarai na halitta

Za a iya raba su zuwa alkanes da abubuwan da suka samo asali, alkenes da abubuwan da suka samo asali, alkynes da abubuwan da suka samo asali, quinones, aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, phenols, ethers, anhydrides, esters, Organic acid, acid carboxylic Salts, carbohydrates, heterocyclics, nitriles halogen, amino amides, da dai sauransu.

(2) Inorganic sinadarai albarkatun

Babban albarkatun albarkatun inorganic kayayyakin sinadarai su ne sinadaran ma'adanai dauke da sulfur, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, calcium (duba inorganic gishiri masana'antu) da kuma kwal, man fetur, iskar gas, iska, ruwa, da dai sauransu Bugu da kari, by-samfurori da sharar gida daga. yawancin sassan masana'antu suma albarkatun kasa ne don sinadarai na inorganic, irin su coke oven gas a cikin tsarin samar da coking a masana'antar karfe. Ana iya dawo da ammonia da ke cikinta tare da sulfuric acid don samar da ammonium sulfate, chalcopyrite, da galena. Ana iya amfani da sulfur dioxide a cikin iskar iskar gas na ma'adinai da sphalerite don samar da sulfuric acid, da dai sauransu.

2. Dangane da tsarin samarwa, ana iya raba shi zuwa farkon albarkatun kasa, kayan albarkatun kasa da tsaka-tsaki.

(1) Kayan farawa

Farawa albarkatun ƙasa sune albarkatun da ake buƙata a matakin farko na samar da sinadarai, kamar iska, ruwa, makamashin burbushin halittu (watau gawayi, mai, iskar gas, da sauransu), gishirin teku, ma'adanai daban-daban, kayayyakin noma (kamar sitaci- dauke da hatsi ko tsire-tsire na daji, itacen Cellulose, bamboo, reed, bambaro, da dai sauransu).

(2)Kayan albarkatun kasa

Ana samun kayan asali na asali ta hanyar sarrafa kayan farawa, kamar su calcium carbide da nau'ikan albarkatun halitta da na halitta da aka jera a sama.

(3)Matsakaicin albarkatun ƙasa

Matsakaicin albarkatun ƙasa kuma ana kiransa tsaka-tsaki. Gabaɗaya suna magana ne akan samfuran da aka samar daga kayan masarufi a cikin hadadden sinadarai na halitta, amma har yanzu basu zama samfura don aikace-aikacen ƙarshe ba kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin sarrafawa. Alal misali, nau'o'in kwayoyin halitta daban-daban da aka yi amfani da su wajen samar da rini, robobi da magunguna: methanol, acetone, vinyl chloride, da dai sauransu.